Virginia's largest utility, Dominion Energy, is exploring small modular nuclear reactors (SMRs) to meet rising electricity demands while reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Despite the absence of operational SMRs in the U.S., Dominion plans to assess the feasibility of integrating them into their existing North Anna nuclear plant. CEO Robert Blue highlighted nuclear power's significant role in providing 90% of Virginia's carbon-free electricity and emphasized compliance with state laws aiming for 100% carbon-free electricity by 2050.

Advocates argue that SMRs offer a more cost-effective and quicker deployment alternative to traditional reactors, addressing concerns over fossil fuel dependency. However, challenges persist, as exemplified by a failed Idaho project and ongoing cost issues. Environmental groups raise concerns over nuclear waste and safety, echoing debates in Democratic-led states where renewable energy is favored over nuclear options.

Despite these challenges, interest in SMRs is growing, evidenced by NuScale Power's certified design and ongoing developments by companies like Kairos Power and TerraPower. The Nuclear Regulatory Commission continues to review new designs, signaling a potential expansion of SMR deployment across various states. Virginia's initiative underscores broader national trends towards diversifying energy sources amid climate change imperatives and evolving regulatory landscapes.